Herniated or Bulging Disc

Herniated Disc:

A herniated disc, also known as a slipped disc or ruptured disc, occurs when the tough outer layer of the disc (annulus fibrosus) becomes weakened or torn, allowing the softer inner portion (nucleus pulposus) to push through. This can irritate nearby nerves and cause symptoms such as pain, numbness, or weakness in the area of the affected disc. Herniated discs most commonly occur in the lower back (lumbar spine) or the neck (cervical spine), but they can also affect the upper back (thoracic spine).

Bulging Disc:

A bulging disc is similar to a herniated disc but involves the disc protruding outwards without actually rupturing. The outer layer of the disc remains intact, but it may bulge outwards due to wear and tear or weakening over time. A bulging disc can also put pressure on nearby nerves and cause symptoms similar to a herniated disc.

1. Age-related degeneration: As people age, the discs in the spine can naturally degenerate and become more susceptible to herniation or bulging.

2. Trauma or injury: A sudden and forceful movement, such as lifting a heavy object improperly or a fall, can cause a disc to herniate or bulge.

3. Repetitive strain: Activities or occupations that involve repetitive bending, lifting, or twisting motions can contribute to disc damage over time.

4. Genetics: Some people may have a genetic predisposition to developing disc problems.

The symptoms of a herniated or bulging disc can vary depending on the location and severity of the disc problem. Common symptoms may include:

  1. -Localized pain: Pain in the area of the affected disc, such as the lower back or neck.
  2. -Radiating pain: Pain that radiates to other areas of the body, such as down the leg (sciatica) in the case of a herniated lumbar disc, or down the arm in the case of a herniated cervical disc.
  3. -Numbness or tingling: Sensations of numbness or tingling in the extremities affected by nerve compression.
  4. -Muscle weakness: Weakness in muscles supplied by the affected nerves, which can affect mobility and strength.
  5. -Changes in reflexes: Reduced or exaggerated reflexes may occur in some cases
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